Comment
Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
Comedone: open comedones (blackheads) are dilated keratin-filled follicles, which appear as black papules due to the keratin debris; closed comedones (whiteheads) usually have no visible follicular opening and are caused by accumulation of sebum and keratin deeper in the pilosebaceous ducts. Inflammatory papules, nodules and cysts occur and may arise from comedones. Scarring may follow deep-seated or superficial acne and may be keloidal.There are distinct clinical variants:Acne Conglobata: Characterised by comedones, nodules, abscesses, sinuses and cysts, usually withmarked scarring. It is rare, usually affecting adult males, and most commonly occurs on trunk and upper limbs. It may be associated with hidradenitis suppurativa (a chronic, inflammatory disorder of apocrine glands, predominantly affecting axillae and groins), scalp folliculitis and pilonidal sinus.Acne Fulminans: A rare but severe presentation of acne, associated with fever, arthralgias and systemic inflammation, with raised neutrophil count and plasma viscosity. It is usually found on the trunk in adolescent males. Costochondritis can occur.Acne Excoriée: Describes self-inflicted excoriations due to compulsive picking of pre-existing or imagined acne lesions. It usually affects teenage girls and underlying psychological problems are common.Secondary Acne: Comedonald acne can be caused by greasy cosmetics or occupational exposure to oils, tars or chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons. Predominantly pustular acne can occur in patients using systemic or topical corticosteroids, oral contraceptives, anticonvulsants, lithium or antineoplastic drugs, such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, cetuximab. Most patients with acne do not have an underlying endocrine disorder. However, acne is a common feature of polycystic ovary syndrome, which should
Add Comment